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gargantuan bear cat have an insatiable hankering for bamboo , but scientists have long wondered how the bears survive on such a fibrous and low - nutrient flora . Now , a unexampled study finds that elephantine panda have clever way to conserve energy , including having lazy lifestyles , small harmonium and special genes .
The researcher followed five captive and three uncivilized colossus pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ) for about a year . By using GPS trackers and analyse chemicals pass inthe pandas ' poop , they were able to measure the amount of energy the pandas spent each day . astonishingly , the pandas drop only about 38 percentage of the vitality that an beast with the same trunk mass would demand .
Pandas can survive on a bamboo diet because, like the three-toed sloth, they have a low metabolism.
" We thought the metabolism of the panda would be low because the bamboo diet contains modest energy , " said elderly writer Fuwen Wei , a prof of zoological science at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing . " But it is very surprising that it is this exceptionally crushed , adequate to the three - toed acedia , and much lower than the koala . " [ Butter Balls : pic of Playful Pandas ]
The only known mammals that have a lower day-to-day get-up-and-go usage than thegiant pandaare the Australian tilt lowlife ( Zyzomys argurus ) , which spends 21 percent of its expected vigour per day , and the golden breakwater ( Eremitalpa namibensis ) , which drop 26 percent of its expect energy per day , the researchers wrote in the subject .
However , while it ’s unknown how the rock rat and golden mole conserve energy , the researchers found several ways that pandas save calories .
Giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) are slow movers.
For starters , the GPS recordings show that pandas are a otiose caboodle ; they do n’t move a quite a little , and when they do , they move slowly . confined Ailuropoda melanoleuca expend just a third of their time , andwild pandasabout half of their time , moving around , the researchers found . moreover , wild pandas eatage at an median pep pill of 50 ft ( 15.5 metre ) an minute , a rate that is " very low , " the researchers compose in the study .
The researchers also reviewed jumbo giant panda autopsy data , and receive that comparative to their size of it , the brute have a modest brain , liver and kidneys than other bear . These modest organs in all probability require less energy to function , saving the Ailuropoda melanoleuca cute calories , the researcher pronounce .
at long last , the research squad looked at the giant Ailuropoda melanoleuca ’s thyroid hormones , which regulate metamorphosis . A hormone sample taken from the captive pandas point that levels of twothyroid endocrine — T and T — were about half of what is seen in mammalian with the same body raft , the researchers found .
In fact , these internal secretion level were even modest than those seen in hibernating black bears ( Ursus americanus ) , they said . Interestingly , giant pandas have thyroid hormone levels comparable to the gray seal ( Halichoerus grypus ) , which lowers its metabolism while dive to husband energy , the researchers said .
When they examined the giant panda ’s genome , they incur it had an challenging hereditary genetic mutation in the DUOX2 gene , which is regard in thyroid internal secretion production . In humans , sport in the DUOX2 gene can lead to underactive thyroids , the researchers say . So , it makes sense that the Ailuropoda melanoleuca ’s low grade of thyroxine and triiodothyronine are " probably because of a inherited mutation in the thyroid endocrine , " Wei told Live Science .
Taken together , the panda ’s lazy modus vivendi , little organs and thyroid endocrine likely help it conserve energy , allowing it to bear on munching on itsfavorite lowly - nutrient bite : bamboo .
The study was publish online today ( July 9 ) in thejournal Science .
